![]() In a few instances, more invasive procedures such as cholangiography or liver biopsy may be needed to arrive at a diagnosis. One easy, obvious way sickle cell anaemia affects the eyes is making it appear yellow. ![]() If the complete blood count and initial tests for liver function and infectious hepatitis are unrevealing, the work-up typically proceeds to abdominal imaging by ultrasonography or computed tomographic scanning. The laboratory work-up should begin with a urine test for bilirubin, which indicates that conjugated hyperbilirubinemia is present. Gallstone formation is the most common and benign posthepatic process that causes jaundice however, the differential diagnosis also includes serious conditions such as biliary tract infection, pancreatitis, and malignancies. instead of carrying hemoglobin aa they carry. It is most common in individuals of African, Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, and Indian decent. This disorder of hemoglobin structure leads to a chronic hemolytic anemia and complex chronic disease manifested by sudden, severe, and life-threatening complications. Posthepatic disorders also can cause conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Among the sickle cell diseases, sickle cell anemia is the most common and will be the focus of this. The signs and symptoms additional to the development of a yellowish colour in the sclera and skin are specific to the causes of hemolysis. Abstract Sickle cell disease is the most common inherited blood disorder in the United States. The conjugated (direct) bilirubin level is often elevated by alcohol, infectious hepatitis, drug reactions, and autoimmune disorders. Intrahepatic disorders can lead to unconjugated or conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Prehepatic causes of jaundice include hemolysis and hematoma resorption, which lead to elevated levels of unconjugated (indirect) bilirubin. Organizing the differential diagnosis by prehepatic, intrahepatic, and posthepatic causes may help make the work-up more manageable. VS: T 98.4, BP 103/53, HR 112, RR 16 Exam: scleral icterus, tachycardia, otherwise normal. Jaundice in an adult patient can be caused by a wide variety of benign or life-threatening disorders. Which symptoms can be attributed to sickle cell trait.
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